Method and apparatus for continuously coating roofing elements electrolytically



Oct. 27,1925

Y comma 300mm 5 ELECTROLYI'IGALLY J. H, Gmus METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CONTINUOUSY.

, 1923 .3 Shuts-Shut 1' ELEMENT Filed Aug. 15

INVENTOR {ms 15: ATTORNEYS Oct. 27, 1925. 1,559,041

..I H. GILLES METHOD AND APPARATUS FOii CONTINUOUSLY COATING ROOFING ELEMENTS ELECTROLYTICfiLLY I Filed Aug. 15, 1923 3 shqots shut -2 I I 2/ I 7 2/ Y F Z9 l7 Z3 s M, MM fiw i y Y :4; ATTORNEY;

Get. 27 1925-- METHOD AND APPARATUS F015 CONTINUOUSLY COATING ROOFIH v i,559,041 J H. 'GILLIS ELEMENTS ELECTROLYTICALLY Filed Aug. 15, 1923 3 Shoots-Shut '5 'f (iATTORNEYJ Patented 9 m. 2?, i925. v v 95 eel-elem eeem w JULZUS El cums, mmeewm, JERSEY, ,ezisierion, BY mean-E wamxmmws,

T AHAGUI'EEA 31 .1338 eormmsy, A C'DRPOEATIQN 07: omiawmn METHOD ACNE? AFPZPARATUS F61 GQNTIHUQUSLY COATING RGGEZNG' ELEQZEYEULY'EZGALLY.

ilpplieatiozi file ingest 15, 1923. Eerial 11o. 65?,485.

fl'oull whom imaycoucermto line eye as the metal. The fooling eleile it knownibhat 1, 511511156 i-lffiiiiiiiis, a meet-s produced by my improved method citizen of the United iatcs, residing at combine him good quailties of each kind of 5 Elizabeth, in the county of Union, Eitato roofing. I

5 of New Jersey, have invented certain new In my prior application, Sei'iel N0. Q25, and usefulilmpi-ogzements' in Methods and. 286 filed lviareli 1923, there is desci ibed Appei-utus for Concinuously Coating lioofa meiliocl and appamti s for apy-lyifi'glge ing Elemenls- Eleeta'olytically; and 1 (lo metall c protective layer to roofing e15 60 hereby declare the following to be full, ments in acontumous series, the elements be- 0 dew, and exact. description of the invention, ing successively pesserl throu 'h the various such as will enable others skilled in elie are steps of the EEJCOCE'SS and acts upon by the to which it apfgieiiains to make end use the apparatus to produce the finished articles. some. That proess has proved; successiul in op 65 This invention relates 1.0 :i ,i;ietliod a n i plying a uniform metallic coating to the 15 appayatus for con'tinuoue coating of roof- ,rooiing elements. However, experience has ing elements electrolytically, and more Sl1OWI1 Wlieremcertam imp ovements coold especially, to thewozitmg of Z'Ofllilifi .ele be made and the garment mvenioni 1s mments formed E3 heabinsulating meteriai tended to improve semis-in steps of that 7 provided W3 1??? 'metallic gn'ctective layer process, pzuticiilarly file ste of electro- 2 over the weather surface, Hie object of the lytically depositing time mezal. ic coating, as inveniion being to provide an improved well as the apparatus for: carrying on the nwt-iiod and apparatus for continuously cpimproved process. v plying his i'OiQCtlVC layer. in carrying out my former-process, the 7 The rooi'in' elements within illle conroofing elements were'first clamped in in tempiaaion 0-: this invention may be in the divide-ail lioldeis which were conileebed tol'm'm of bimfl'lfi, strips, shingles, tiles and gather by means of links so that a. plurality the like, and the body or base of hose ele-. of these individual holders couldfbe firawn ments is made of various iimtcriuis having iln'ougli Elie elcetriilytieelicel'l in a contin- 80 livid-insulating qmiliiiee. For this purpose, nous series. A plurality of anodes were ar impregnated felt-11ml asbestos p odncls, the ranged'within an electrolytic cell above the ran-called asphalt shingles, magncsilc comholders containing thei'oofingelements and positions, and many similar lxeabinsulating, the holders in a continuous seriee were 9.6-; hQlll'l'QSlSliUlt, and non-(lemriomting me ,Wencecl'by a step by step movement so as 85 .tc'i-izils mu be used. to carry the elements forward a, distance Such a use may be mmlc pecuiim'ly (lusufiicient to bring an element of the series, i'abie, as well as given a ilisiinciivc and atunder the next Succeeding anode a t/ each tractivo a-ppczimnce, by coating the surface step. in order to collect the plating cur- :m-n to be exposed to the weather, with a rent, from the surface of the elements to 99 noh-cormdiblc metal, such as copper. With which a conductive coat-in oi gra'pliite, lead,

' a incial-iio coating of this kind, the roofing or similar material, 11a previously been clement combines the long life of a motel eppliedgi a single electrical conductor was roofing with the heetdnsulafiing pi'opeyties imlsedlml in one clamping facepf the holdof the meterialr-i (#5 the base. eis so as to Contact "with the conductive 95 Meiei roofing in the form of shock, strips, layer? w etc. is quite satisfactory as to durability, In this prior process, therefore, it is neceslmi, ii; llz' ensmits heat so rapklly as to necessary to insert em individual roofing (alesitate the use of some cert of in insulating ments in the heldeis by hand, and it is prefsheatliing beneath it. Roofing elements of arable, in o 'der'to secure uniform plating the specified materials, without the pmand minimum consumption. of electric on- 59 teeth/e Weather surface, fulfil? the require" orgy, to advance the elements through the meme as to heat-insulation, but: are not 81- cell by a step by-ste 1 movement.-

to'get'ner (iambic and are not as agz'eeelale Whenever a coniiuctive layer of some secure an even deposition of [he metal, lB'J- cause slight vm'mtions in the thickness of the conductive layer will cause such variations in the electrical resistance of this layer as will result in uneven deposition. In my prior process, therefore, it is necessary to use considerable care in upplyinglhe conductive layer to make it uniform.

l urthermore, by collecting; the plating current from the conductin r layer along one margin. thereofithc metallic coating has a. tendency to build up thicker in the region near this In rgin h cause of electrical resistance of the current path to the more remote points toward the edge of the element, and the anodes must be properly spaced in. relation to the elements to counteract this tendency. My present invention provides for moving the elements through the electrolytic cell with n uniform continuous motion while securing a uniform deposit of metal without any substantial increase in electric energy required.v It further provides forthe continuous movement of the points where plating current is withdrawn from the conductive layer With respect to the surface of this layer so that the distance which the current must travel through the conductive layer is always continuously varying and is alweys limited to a. relatively small distance.

A series ofelectricul conductors, which also preferably constitute supports for the roofing" elen'ient's, are disposed throughout the length of the electrolytic cell, the anodes heing luid beneath these conductor-supports. The roofing" elements are themselves connected together by any flexible means to form e chain, and are drawn over this series of ('onductor-supporls with their conductive coatings face down and in contact therewith. Thus, the necessity for the use of the hold ers or clamps is disposed with and this clfccts a. saving hoth in the cost of installation and operation of the np 'un'utus. is'ince the anodes ure below the roofing elements, rather than ahove thcnunnodee oferude copper may he used inasmuch as the slimcs resulting from the solution of the anodes will now settle on the anodes and can be easily withdrawn, whereas in the earlier process lhc slimes settled upon the elements themselves and were likely to he carried out of the cell with the elcn'iei'its. To make clear the practice of this present process and to illustrate one form of up paratus to he used for such purpose I shall refer to the accompanying drawings. in these drawings:

the greater .to be laid in place on the Fig. l is :r diagrunnnuticul plan view of the layout of the apparatus by which the several steps are performed, including the steps of the complete process described in my prior upplaca'tion above ment oned.

Fig. 2 is u dingrznmnutie plan v ew showin the positions of the roofing elements at the diii'erent stages in their travel through the apparatus.

Fig. 5' is u dingrannnutic view in side elevation showing; the relative positions of the various elements in the cluiin during theprogress of these elements through the epparetusw Fig. 4-is a view in vertical cross section of that part of the appurntus in which the deposition takes plaice.

Fig; 5 is an inclined plan view taken on the line 5 5 of liig. 4,. and showing grid layout.

Fig. dis a plnnview showing the wall of one or the compartments and illustrating the relative positions of the grids and anodes and the electrical connections therefor.

Figs. 7 and 8 are plan views of modified forms of grid. i

Fig. 9 is a longitudinal cross-section of one-of the grids shown in Fig. 5.

Fig. 10 is a. detailed perspective view of :1 portion of :1 grid cross-bar 01'' the type illustrated in Fig. 8.

Fig. 11 is a detailed view in vertical crosssection of one compartment oi the deposition nppnrutus showing a pressure device installed therein, and

Fig. 12 is a view similar to Fig. 11 for showing :1 modified form of device.

, in the drawings, and with reference purliculurlylo Fig. 1, there is shown a. conveyor E) which-brings the elements from the source of supply to the electrolytic appurutus. These elements are preferably connected in a continuous chain duringthc process of formation, and the consist of line copper wire or other flexible Hmtelinl of that character. 'lhcse connecting links should he oi suliicienl strength to hear the strain oi pulling a chain of elements through the electrolytic compartments, but a chain formed of a series of elements, the adjacent units of which are connccted together by three strands of light copper wire, will he sufficiently vstrong for this purpose. This connecting of the units in 21 chain not only dispenses with the holders which were described in my previous application above referred to, but the en'rungemcnt makes it more convenient to handle the units when they are to be shipped, and also roof. From the conveyor 5) the chain of elements passes three stations designated '10,.11 and 12. A1: the-first of these there is applied to the wenthcrsurfece of each unit a suitable connections. between lllfllVHllHll circuits of the cham may v rm ma ma i fifiii fi iiii' Ming s praycii on or mwaneieuiiy zrpplied. A amwzv iarrizigg material zippiimi m? iim er-snmni gnaavimisiy 1" 1 iigikiizl-im'. The n'mtiwd (ii eijpgii ciiridwriirig coating may "mi i r. war, in a swriianiie wlth the pram air m (if mire type uiiygkzment which is 35 [sisal the drying prnwsa iies married cut by melims of 1;, lirar may be iiifipljfifli with by ciryingg; adhesive, so tiara; m'iiii wiii ireiirmiy hair"; 2% chain of filaments which the deposition his 223i is? designated r iaranse charactiszr i said angemzzm -fflie ing Qt 2r piuraii'iy ration asimpxiriamrnts m grougias of [a ai prigi'ii; @mmiard. This standard mired as 1421,, in tire form or a whiciz rum tiir iuggismii the aprartus. "iixis giairiiiiam may be. mazie of j maim'izii which has the rigidity i w @upgmri; the series (TE trmzgils asuriiie @iiapn-sed airing either mm: 02' $5168? pzr'riiriima is a Hrrieas of trim:- ggjiiini spacing: rim-; i5"; and Rammed 0n iim upper iuciiiimi 'ieuriaize 0i rash of these is a trimgg'ii iii.

is mania; 9i Wfiiii 1'5, 18 and $8518 rxuiis ii rmwiwut, the i in. Use ceii. The mzmr will? 17- is (iii;- mmri ii in Hflgifi in Eire cemtmi pariiition firmr ueitwzzreiiy for a diamnoe flightibinm *Ziru 24mg 01'? a muiing eie- Tie waii 195 is fight angles foe fits uni rcsis againsa ins spacing; bar I iiw aiiort wiiii iii hears agairisii fins: wrest fame 0f the spacing. bar mm aimvc hut vhicii ,-mp g 1':a iir trough. Tiiase three Waiis whiir-ii form dim iig iiiaiilb n5 womi and are pmv'ifie' wiiii priaiaciirie iiiwziiiiirigr 20 021 their in iiiriraszfizi 50 area in put-ted; Lire wood from aim eirzaimiy ULimr miz zariais such as m: :iiiy weir ifiifiliifi'iai which wuuivi um; iriyiiiaz eimfiroiyta may :i'isgz ire u? as, iii i235 mpsmfiiws i=0 marksv use 01? aliesii'iief maxi-in .the manner demriiiaai rmzgiiii fsrmeii (if file flares; waiiia spaced miervais v 'g'wii :22? Em Wtrii are one bars 2'1. ii-

, iwrizraaa Q mam aiaairiy in i 6, re -hing "0 l .1

m irriges 2,2. Oppasim= spaced apart by r.

[is siwwn iii Fig. 41 Mair urrm'igrd m pmpfligl may axis;

iiw triangle are oarlength. miimta iiiaiiy aqua! to m tim chain of elements and war ve, amides as simwr; in Fig. 5- ars; spa-iced arm. trance greater iimn the wirith ofa Hfiit; This is for r. purpurrc which will be iuicr made clear.

Marinated m suitabia supports 25 in a positiuii (Wei-lying rush of the ammles is a grid 26. These grids-arr im'meci 0f conductihg matgriai and con ist of a air of side 2?;"97 between which is' -(isyds'dd a s'erics' of (ZX'USS arms 28 which are incijnnci transversely 'm the? (iiroction of movement of the esimnents through the eel As shown in Fig. i the 'smies (if grids is sspsiosid parallel with the our/er wail 1'? of the sail, and lies but a short distance from (if the anode. Ti 2 sicie and crass bars 27, 2% are made n? a conducting; material prefarzib'sy metai imi are pari-imiy encassd m an iiisuiaiing (coming as that only a email purtizm of their upper surfaces is gxposcd. This ax-rzmggmuvnt is iiiustra md in Fig. 9, in YfiiiPil tiw insulating wa ing is'ciesi'gnated' as 28. The grids of'iiiis"cmlstriiction an (iisiniice corresponding to the inter-viii between SHCL'GSfiiVQ amides'and azuzh griri is cmmacied by a cumiuctnr .219 to the anode, maxi prccmiing it, I Accordingly in any ringzie cump surtmmit or troughof the 1015 the grids and minder; are connected eieciricaliy in suriesx- Other eiecil'ical cunnectirms by which two or more ariofies are be "empldyeii, The eicciricai conneciions wifich are used wiii depend on the wnditions'imdsr which tiara skeet,ro-depasiiiim is in take piacc and wiii' nisu dopemi to sumo extent m1 the character u rm smu'uu of current which is awni L able, "iize rate of rieposit'um arid the character (if the; deigmaitirm are ,conimlled by the electrolytic .cumiitions. in the cell and such condiiiems wiii be csmbiisiied as are mmst' cericiuuive to ike; pi'uciuctimfoi :1 piatm shingle of the desired character.

As haze bear explained the elements was through the cell in ii series such as is iilusirated in Fig. 2, "The weather surface-=30 iii each @i8flb2lit i\2ifi Men coated with 'ndiiesivc mid in turn has had .wiayer nf condur'iaingg material :1 )piicd in it. A chain of Hush dementia is t sen introduced intonach trough or marzipan-imam of the crihcuch 0f iimse t-mughs being mirtiaily filled with elucilrfiiyie as indicate: at 31. *This chain of @ia'zments is placed above and. rests against aim seriea u'i grids and when the current is amdes upon tne conducting auriaces of each a l-which Heidi anfiie, however,

the upper face grid cross bars do not continuously mask any part of this suri'ace.

The current passes into the cell from the first, anode in the series across the liquid to the conducting: surface on the first element which forms the cathode, thence to the nearest cross bar of Y the grid, thence through the conductor 29 to the next anode where the passage across the liquid is repeated. it is possible that some deposition will take place on the exposed portion of the cross bar of the grid, but such deposited metal will he removed by the continual wearing action of the chain of elements passing over these cross bars. Accordingly the cross bars do not build up to such an extent as to interfere With the deposition. It is preferable that successive anodes and their corresponding grids should be spaced apart a distance somewhat greater than the width of an element of there is'likely to be set up countereurrents Within the cell which might cause a portion of the plated material to go into solution.

I have found that the spacing of the cross bars of the grids and their angular inclination serves a useful purpose in improving the quality of the deposit. It will he noted that. as the elements move. over the grids the. plating current at any instant must flow from a particular point in the coating on the .elen'ients to the nearest cross bar, thence to the end bar of the grid from where it passes on to the next anode. As the elen'ient's move along over the grids the inclined posltion of the cross lJHlH insures that no portion oi the surf-ace oi the element will be masked and thereby prevented from being coated. At. the. same time the distance from any particular point'on the elenient. to the nearest cross har will vary coi'itinuously within fixed limits as the element passes along. The elements pass successively over a series of collect one for the plating current and this insures that there will he no hlank spots in the coating. l i. ve found that it is better in some instances to make these collectors in the form of a series of spaced points rather than in the form of spaced bars as is illustrated in Fig. 5, and the niodilied form is shown inliigsfl and 9.

In this arrangement the grid consttuction is similar to that previously described but the surfaces of the cross bars 28 are insulated save at certain exposed points indicated at 32. In successive "rids theseexposed points will be in staggered relationship as indicated conducting surt'aoe.

the chain since otherwise with the conducting coating. By having the points on successive grids 1n staggere relationship it is possible. to insure that the distance from any given point on an element to the nearest point of collection will not vary beyond certain small limits, and this makes certain that in the passage of each element throughout the length of'the cell the deposited coating willbe uniform in quality and thickness.

in order to insure a more nearly erfect contact between the conducting sur'ace of any element and the grids over which it passes, it is sometimes desirable to provide pressing devices such as are illustrated in Figs. 11 and 12. In ,Fig.'l1 I have illitetrat'ed the use of a roller 34, preferably a rubber roller or a roller with a rubber 8111,

face, which is supported in a stirrupr35 mounted on the under side of a compart ment; wall 17. Each compartment wall is provided with a series of rollers, each" of which is spaced so as to overlie one ofthe cross bars of the grids. These rollers may he adjustahly secured serve to exert a yielding pressure on the upper surface of the elements so as to cause the conducting surface to hear with a light pressure against. the cross bar of the grid. it is desirahle that the roller should lie above the surface oi" the electrolyte in the compartment and it is also desirahlethat the roller and its supporting parts should he formed of material which is not atl'ccted hy the electrolyte. In Fig. 12 the pressure roller is of a somewhat modified constiuc tion, being supported rotal'ahly on the end ofan: arm 36 pivoted at 37 to the under surface of the compartment wall and held with a yielding pressure against the elements in the compartment helow hy means of a spring, 38. Either of these types of pressing roller may he used successfully and in .case the grid is of the form illustrated in Fig. 5 the roller will he located so as to hear against the element at a point opposite the center ot the condnctinc surface. in case. grids of-the form illustrated in Fig. 8 ureiemployed it-is preferable that the rollers he spaced so as to bear against the elementat a point opposite the contact points which, as has been previously described, are in staggored relation to the cross bars of a single grid.

in the position andsingle chain also makes it; more convenient; to handle them when the process is finished, since the elements will he shipped -in connected, folded strips which will not; he severed until ready for use.

I claim:

1. A process oi coating rooting elements of the type described which comprises nioving a linearly cxtcnding serics'ot' connected elements through a t't'll with a substantially uniform continuous motion and depositing; a metallic coating thereon hy electrolysis.

:2. A process ot coating rooting elements of the type described, which comprises moving a series of elements through an electrolytic cell with the surface of the elements on. which a deposit is to he made lying snbstantially in a plane, and depositing a metallic coating on the clen'icnts during such move ment by electrolysis.

t. A process ol'coating nonconducting articles which comprises applying; a conducting layer to the surface thereof, conncrtinc the articles together, placing: the connected articles in ,an cloctroit'tic cell and depositing a metallicroating on said layer while continuously moving the point or points of collection of the electric current with respect to the suri'ace tht-rcot'.

4; A process of coating rooting elements of the type descriht-d which comprises moving a linearly extending series of comicctcrl elements through an electrolytic cell with the surface to he coated in contact with a plurality of stationary electrical conductors disposed in the path oi travel of said elenicnts.

5. A process of coating rooting elen'n-nts of the type dcscrihed which comprises moving a linearly extending series of connected elements through an electrolytic cell with the surfa e to be coated in contact with a plurality ol stationary electrical minim-tors extending across the path of trawl of said elements.

(3. A process oi coating rooting elements of" the type dcscrihcd which compriscs sup-- porting a seri s o t" clcnicnts upon a plurality ot'elcctncal rondu 'tt'n's within an ciectrolytie cell, the conductors extending transversely of the 'series of elements, and moving said elements through the roll in such manner that suhstantially all of the surfaceof the individual element to he coated ronu-s rcyneatcdly in contact with a. conductor.

7. A process of coating rooting elements of the type descrihe: whi h comprises inoring a linearly extending series o t y-onncctcdv elements, supported on a plurality of spa ed electri al conductors. ahore a series oi anodes disposed in symced relation opposite said conductors. and depositing a metallic con; ing on said eien ents during such i'ia'ivenient.

56. A process of routine rooting elements of the type descrihcd whi h comprises mov- 'ing a series emon in c a series of elements, supported. on a series of spaced conducting grids, over a series of anodes disposed opposite said grids, and depositing a metailic coating on said elements duringsuch movement.

1 A process of coating Fooling elements of. the type descrihed 'which comprises mounting a series of pairs oi'grids and auodcsin spaced relation in a celi, c0nncct-, ing each grid to the next succeeding anode, moving a series of elements, ported on the grids through theceli and depositing a metallic coating on said elements (luring; such movement. 7

10. A process of coating root'ing elements of the type dcscrihed which comprises Inevof elements provided with a conducting coating through an electrolytic cell while supporting these elements on a plurality oi spaced electrical conductors above a series of anodes in spaced relation to said conductors and while maintaining the conducting surl'zmeol' sald el ments in intimate contact, with said conductors and depositiing a metallic coating on said elements during such movement.

l A proc is of coatim; rooting cle 'nents ot' the type dcscrihed whi h comprises inoring a. series of elements provided with acorn-- ducting coating through a1?"electrolytic cell having a series of anodcs disposed therein while supporting the elements on a series of spaced conducting grids having; exposed contact points, and while exerting pressure on the elements to Force the latter into intimate contact, with metallic coating on said elements during such movement.

l2. fin apparatus l'or coating rooth'igg elements of the type dcscrihwl comprising an electrolytic cell having an anode supported therein. a plurality ol spaced current collectors disposed so as to support the elements in plating relatiouto the anode and means for moving the elements oi'i-r said collcctorsupports in :1 direction transverse to the sup ports so that. each portion ot' the surt'ace to he plated comes repeatedly*incontact. with a collector.

'1 8. An apparatus in. coating rooting eiements of the type described comprising an electrolytic cell having a plurality or anodes therein, a plurality oi supports disposed above said anodes, and means disposed on?- side the ccll tor moving a series oi elements through said cell whilev resting on said supports.

said points and depositing a lit) 14-. fin apparatus 'i'or coating rooting clemcnts oi the type dcscril'ied comprising an electrolytic cell having a plurality of anodes therein, a plurality oi supports of conductinc material dispose-d .tll'mt't! said anodes, means For moving a series of elements resting on said suppoz past; said anodes, and KP Hi8 disposed outside the cell for deposits aaama ring :1 me'aflic coating on said elements durmg such. muvement.

15. An agqmrmtus {or coating rosfing e32" mania t 1e type described cnmprizzing a3;

eleci'iniytic cell having inclined aide waiiis a plm'aiiny ofspaced am one 0% saici walls, a piuml mounted with their supym'ixing surfaces pm:- aiiei to said waiis, and means is mewd ontsiik the 523i for moving a mailed .e'iemants lying; on amid supports through said can.

16. An apparatus for waiting roofing (11emeats 0f zhe type (iescriftmd cumpyising an electrolytic cal a phxmlity of spasm; zmndea muimted therein, a cwnueimg gu ppart mounifid opposite each ana la in spaced relation thareto, and means fer mm'ing a eres of axemens lying on said su wpmis thi'eugh eai sail,

i": An apparatus fur mat'mg roofing 421emezss 0f "aha type :iescribc minimising an ehflroiyfic cell, a, plurality of spaced anodes thfitffiil a, grid compusiad 01". side and cross ham; 9% aonduciing maimria} momma oppomm anode in space l relation film-2&0, means; far moving a series 0? e'iements an said grids through said celi.

. 13. An zapgumtus fur wasting z'unfing 83;,-

menis 0f the tygse described canny-firming Rummy sf eiectmiyaic can, a, p

0 1g 51 plurality 0'1 expased therein, a grid, kiwi: canizact poinis, mmmted oppos in spawn? Tahitian thzere'w, an 5 msvmfl' a series of cigments fly 'gxeifils t iuough said gel].

19.An apparatus for coaiing mofingyeiemenisef the type Qeserfibed wmmising in ezlectmlytis celi swimming :2. pmmiizy 0f mews (lisp-05% icngilavsisa the %;1, means for moving ssizrim a? 1232;119:2539 fi'mmgh mix? c1211 past said :umdes and mamas f0? stag 3520M.- ng said eiemenis during such s'nova'ment said supporting means cma'xpri ing Serbia of grids of ()(JiiiilH-iiihfi malaria zuz hzwng; sida bars lying pamiie in fia 21 0f navel of said elements :wr' 111-05.; mm di posed at an w hi1 gmihoi? tau-x3361.

2/9; An appumms Em: cawbxzg raving 2 3a ments of the type, dascribed; compz'izf-g'ing' an electrofiyiic sail conmining; a plumfiity of armada-s; disgwscd iengthv. 2? aha mil; means for moving a series of aim-mats th'a'wgh mid ail past amdes, and. m ans i'm-sapyar. sai eiaments duflng such movement, said supporting Imam comprising a gm'i as 05 grids of i'nsu ated cwducting mifififilg haymq piuz'ality 0f spaced expmsed cnhminr amiss fliez'efin. l 21. An a';. ',;):.=mtus for mating mafing a emenbs of Um fiypu descrihvd comprising an dosh-Myth; c4211 wntninin an amde mama for muving a scrivs m aiemmts 'ihflmgziiz said we past sank:

unofhe, and a 523 i}: 65 t0 suppori sand 019mm d means for mg on gamd is in s-clmicn is said series; oi new its each anode *1: gridanguie, said grid having 21 Mar; 53 y 399 mm":

mpts coniacting with said @imricni'F; m An apparatus fm. mating zmmu'zg aiemeats of 5m tygm described mzm z71sin an electmlyfiiu cs1 cunminmg a: 0? smudge?! '30 in their movmnnm, and; 15115; having; a. fie

ries 0: collecmr points .wntawbing with mi: ,3; i318 elements .ancl. (JUXXEiQfi/dd ciactrimily next adjacent mwe 0f the lies An appmrutus for mating rufifi mania of film Biz-1351' described compris' cvatiiag 5mm, an eiecwoiy'izic ed}, a wszahing tank, and means (135510526; 0m em'i if said apparatm fez drawing; a aeriew of cmmected iemez'iis therefin'oaiggfh Wifii a unifarm maveniamt.

'24:. A 21 zappamius for mania 6% class min mising a mating; smtion, eieuti'siytic (:(eii and a washing-g tank, means): f0; drmving a emriess of mmnectwi zaiemwfis ihmugzh said air paw-ins with a unifm'm immanent- 3M3. mums for suppm-iing said eiamwm in Saki eeiitin an inclined. posiiifim,

An apparatus in 3.00%; i fiwzibs of thi: cmss desasri md 3)i;s' '"1i-Sihg an eiecyoiytic will, a, piumiity 0i anngkes fiis pased therein,

coating roofing eh mequg for waving saws 0i a if!" iagmn said grids tin-05gb L mi 22nd xmazins Em n'zziimsiizzing 53N259 issn'nefiz's iii gmigmm mm: with time mz'z'iases Em gmsie,

1322 112mm; a? the; 25am eiaacmiyhc wi a pimzfig -iwikem, 21 grid having a val ality Q1 caz'ztact po'z'ms mounted ogl 'gissite 'each aw ode in spaced relaibion tha'reim, was for mbvimg a series of element 'siiying on said gridg through said ceii and a'pressure roller located oppusite each cnntact point and adapted to ex'efi: a yiekdiiig presgeul'e to pm- (hice an intimate contact between said {:19- menis am'i said contact minis;

' 29. A grid for use in afipamtus for coat ing mpfing gl emems of] 151m class described cmnpr xsmg sme bars 51nd gross bars comgeciing sald Sld bars, said 'bax'sbeing provuied with an insulating casing formed! in leave (me siiie 01 web bar exposed.

30. A grid far use in apparatus for mating roofing elements of the ciass described comprising side bars and cross burs cmmvcting said side. burs, said cross bars being provided with an insulatingkmsing formed to expdse said cross bars at a plm'uiity nf 20 spaced points.

In testimony whereof I affix my sagmltm'v.

JULIUS H. ELLIS. 

